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Reversal theory
== Introduction ==
Reversal theory〔http://reversaltheory.net/blog/welcome-to-the-reversal-theory-society/ Reversal Theory Society〕 is a theory of personality, motivation and emotion in the field of psychology. It focuses on the dynamic qualities of normal human experience to describe how a person regularly reverses between psychological states, reflecting their motivational style and the meaning they attach to a given situation at a given time.〔http://reversaltheory.net/blog/about-the-theory/glossary/ Apter, Michael J.; Reversal Theory Glossary; August 2003〕 For example, sometimes a roller coaster seems exciting; other times, it may cause anxiety. Sometimes a crying baby creates sympathy; other times it causes irritation.
The theory distinctively proposes that human experience is structurally organized into metamotivational domains, of which four have been identified. Each domain consists of a pair of opposing values or motives, so that only one of each pair can be experienced in any given moment.〔
Reversal theory has been developed primarily by British psychologist Dr. Michael J. Apter since its inception in the mid-1970s by Dr. Apter and psychiatrist Dr. Ken Smith.〔http://reversaltheory.org〕 The theory has been researched, developed and applied extensively.〔Apter, Michael J.; Reversal theory: What is it?; ''The Psychologist'' volume 10, number 5, May 1997〕〔http://www.apterinternational.com/articles/?pid=articles〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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